Diabetes is a group of common metabolic endocrine diseases, which can lead to lesions in multiple systems and organs. The most serious pathological changes that threaten the lives of diabetic patients are cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. About 70 % of patients die of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and related complications. The main reason for diabetes to cause cerebrovascular disease is the vascular disease caused by diabetes. Diabetes causes atherosclerosis in large-diameter cerebrovascular vessels, narrowing of the lumen, and easy formation of blood. The rupture of atherosclerotic plaques can cause cerebral embolism. In addition, after plaque rupture artery wall thinning, elasticity decreased. Ruptures when blood pressure suddenly rises, causing a cerebral hemorrhage. Diabetes can also cause microvascular basement membrane thickening, mainly due to the accumulation of some special sugars. Microangiopathy often leads to thrombosis, which is why diabetic patients have more cerebral thrombosis and less cerebral hemorrhage.
The harm of diabetes is also that diabetes can cause fat metabolism disorders, promote cholesterol synthesis, thereby accelerating and aggravating atherosclerosis. Plasma fibrin in diabetic patients is higher than normal, blood viscosity is high, coagulation is strong, platelets are easy to adhere to the blood vessel wall, and platelets are strongly agglutinated with each other. The cholesterol lipoprotein and neutral fat in diabetic patients were higher than those in normal people. These changes in blood components are also important causes of stroke.
