The epidemiology of cerebrovascular disease is a subject that studies the population distribution and dynamic characteristics of the disease from an objective perspective, as well as the related factors that affect the above characteristics, explores the causes and formulates prevention and control measures.
Cerebrovascular disease is a common and frequently-occurring disease with high morbidity, mortality and disability. People vividly compare it to an ' earthquake in the brain '. It, heart disease and malignant tumor constitute the three major death diseases in most countries. In China, cerebrovascular disease is second only to malignant tumors in the cause of death, ranking second, and rising to the first in northern cities such as Beijing and Harbin.
The incidence rate is generally calculated as new cerebrovascular disease per 100,000 population per year. The recent epidemiological survey shows that the incidence of cerebrovascular disease is about 200 / 100,000 in urban areas and about 180 / 100,000 in rural areas in China.According to the population of 1.3 billion in China, there are about 2.5 million new cerebrovascular patients each year. This huge stroke team exceeds the total population of many European countries. From 1983 to 1989, the incidence of male showed an upward trend, and the incidence of female also increased slightly, but not significantly. The highest incidence was in Harbin and Beijing, and the lowest was in Zhejiang and Guangxi farmers.
2. Prevalence refers to the proportion of the population at that time who is ill ( including recovered ) before a certain point in time and must still be alive at the specified point in time. For example : a patient who had a stroke 30 years ago, has returned to normal, and is still alive, the survey should be included in the prevalence statistics. The average prevalence of cerebrovascular disease worldwide is 500 ~ 600 / 100,000. China 's 1983 was 719 / 100 000, and the survey data in 1985 was 344 / 100 000. Among them, Harbin and Beijing were still the highest, and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was the lowest.
3.Fatality Cerebrovascular disease is one of the main causes of serious threat to human life worldwide. With the improvement of medical conditions, the improvement of people 's living standards and the enhancement of people 's health awareness, the mortality rate of many diseases, including multiple infectious diseases and infectious diseases, is decreasing, but the mortality rate of cerebrovascular disease is increasing. The average annual mortality rate was 89 / 100,000 in urban areas and 78 / 100,000 in rural areas. More than 1 million people died of cerebrovascular disease every year.
4.Disability rateAmong the survivors of cerebrovascular disease, about 3 / 4 of them lost their ability to work to varying degrees, and more than 40 % of them were seriously disabled. In China 's community population, every one hundred people have one person suffering from cerebrovascular disease, and many people have limited physical activity and cannot take care of themselves completely, which has a serious impact on patients, society and families.
5.Economic losses caused by cerebrovascular diseaseAccording to statistics, there are more than 4 million patients with severe disabled cerebrovascular disease in China.According to the average need for one person to take care of each person, there are more than 4 million people in the country who cannot work and study normally. According to the per capita output value of 4000 yuan, the annual cost of missed work reaches 16 billion yuan. If the medical expenses of each patient are calculated at an average of 500 yuan, the annual medical expenses reach 2 billion yuan, and the mental burden caused to patients and families is difficult to estimate.
